As COP30 wrapped up in Belém against a tense geopolitical background, policymakers, investors and business leaders began to reflect on a conference that indicated a shift in focus towards delivery rather than new headline pledges.
To help participants fully take stock of the negotiations, our speakers will share their on-the-ground insights from Belém and explore what the resulting signals, mechanisms and initiatives may mean longer term – in short, where COP30 moved the dial, where it may have fallen short and what to look out for ahead of COP31 in Antalya.
The increased focus on implementation at COP30 was summarised by the 'Global Mutirão', the conference's cover decision: a call to unite humanity in a global mobilisation against climate change, building on the successes of the Paris Agreement but urging "further and faster" progress on upholding climate commitments.
The adopted text calls for mobilising at least $1.3tn per year by 2035 for climate action, as previously outlined in the ‘Baku to Belém roadmap’, and reiterated the existing commitment to tripling adaptation finance.
To support delivery, the Belém Political Package introduced the Global Implementation Accelerator and the Belém Mission to 1.5°C, as well as a Belém Action Mechanism (BAM) for Just Transition; a new package of 59 “Belém Adaptation Indicators” was also adopted by governments, although these indicators will require extensive technical work and political deliberation before they can be used.
Nature-based solutions and forest protection featured more prominently than in recent years – with the Tropical Forest Forever Facility (TFFF), an innovative finance mechanism designed to reward countries for keeping their rainforests intact, adding financial heft to these aims – and COP30 also saw unprecedented Indigenous participation in negotiations.
On the mitigation front, challenges were more pronounced – calls for a formal fossil fuel phase-out did not result in binding commitments, leaving transition strategies largely to national governments and markets via voluntary roadmaps.
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